Notes from the deliverability lab.
How many mailboxes do you actually need for cold email?
A simple formula based on daily send volume, ramp time, and the 50-per-day Gmail ceiling.
.com vs .co vs .io: which TLD lands best for cold email
TLD choice is a deliverability signal, a cost signal, and a brand signal. The right pick depends on which you optimise for.
DNS propagation timelines: when "live" is actually live
Propagation is not instant. Here is how long each step takes and what to expect during the wait.
Google Workspace vs Microsoft 365 for cold outbound: where each one wins
Workspace and M365 both work for cold email. They differ on cost, throttling behaviour, and partner economics.
Dedicated SMTP for cold email: when it is worth the upgrade
Dedicated SMTP is overkill for most senders and essential for some. Here is the volume threshold where the math changes.
JMRP and FBL explained: how to read complaint loops as a cold sender
JMRP and FBL are the only direct complaint signals Microsoft and Yahoo provide. Most cold senders never see them.
Reverse DNS (PTR) for cold email senders: what it is and when to fix it
PTR records are usually somebody else's problem. Here is when they become yours.
TLS 1.2 (and 1.3) for cold email: why opportunistic encryption matters
Mail in transit should be encrypted. Most providers enforce TLS 1.2 or higher. Here is the operational impact.
Mailbox warmup mechanics: what actually happens during the 14 days
Warmup is not magic. Here is what providers see and how they decide your reputation is real.
Managed DNS vs registrar DNS: which one to use for cold-email domains
A dedicated managed DNS provider is faster, more reliable, and more reportable than most registrar DNS. Here is the trade-off.
